Apophenia is known as a Type 1 error - the identification of false patterns in data.It may be compared with a so-called false positive in other test situations.
Types of apophenia:-
- Clustering illusion: Related to an inability to recognise actual random patterns. Uneven clusters caused by true randomness are mistaken for patterns.
- Confirmation bias: A bias towards testing to confirm ones' hypothesis rather than disprove it.
- Gambler's fallacy: Feeling that past events reflect and alter probability when, in fact, they don't.
- Pareidolia: Seeing shapes, most often faces, in random patterns.
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